Last week, we saw a rather comprehensive winter test done in China, comparing different EVs and how they handle the cold. However, that test was carried out in rather mild winter conditions ranging between 8-10 °C. Now, the same crew did a winter test in true winter temperatures from -10°C to -15°C. And as you'd expect, the actual range drops significantly.
Unlike in the previous test, all cars were tested with the climate control set to 24 °C in auto mode. The test was done on rural roads with the average speed around 50 km/h. All vehicles were driven until depleted.
This time around, the test includes more than 40 models and a bit more global models, including contenders from Tesla and Mercedes.
As you can see, the average retention rate is about 50%, with only a few models getting closer to 60%. The BYD Han EV 4WD did the best, retaining 60% of its advertised range. The Nio ET7 100kWh is another familiar name, taking third place with 55% retention. Tesla's Model Y didn't fare all that well in the test, as retaining just 48% of its range.
Model | Advertised range | Actual range | % of advertised range | Average kWh/100km consumption |
---|---|---|---|---|
BYD Han AWD | 610km 379mi |
366km 227mi |
60% | 23.3 |
BAIC ArcFox Alpha S | 500km 311mi |
293km 182mi |
58% | 25.4 |
Nio ET7 100kWh | 675km 419mi |
376km 234mi |
55% | 25.4 |
IM L7 | 615km 382mi |
328km 204mi |
53% | 28.3 |
XPeng P5 | 600km 373mi |
323km 201mi |
53% | 22.1 |
BYD Yuan Plus | 510km 317mi |
272km 169mi |
53% | 22.2 |
BYD Seal 4WD | 650km 404mi |
341km 212mi |
52% | 23.3 |
Nio ES7 100kWh | 575km 357mi |
302km 188mi |
52% | 33.2 |
Smart #1 Brabus | 500km 311mi |
260km 162mi |
52% | 25.4 |
Leap C11 | 550km 342mi |
284km 176mi |
51% | 31.7 |
BYD Dolphin | 401km |
208km |
51% | 21.6 |
Zeekr 001 YOU | 650km 404mi |
327km 203mi |
50% | 30.6 |
Leap C01 | 630km 391mi |
316km 196mi |
50% | 28.5 |
GAC Aion S | 602km 374mi |
302km 188mi |
50% | 23.1 |
XPeng G9 Performance | 650km 404mi |
323km 201mi |
49% | 30.3 |
Nio ET5 100kWh | 640km 398mi |
312km 194 |
49% | 32.1 |
Tesla Model Y LR AWD | 660km 410mi |
319km 198mi |
48% | 24.6 |
XPeng P7 | 562km 349mi |
270km 168mi |
48% | 30.0 |
Hozon Neta S | 650km 404mi |
310km 193mi |
47% | 29.4 |
GWM ORA Lighting Cat | 600km 373mi |
285km 177mi |
47% | 29.3 |
When it comes to total range, however, the Nio ET7 100kWh takes the lead with 376km. The Mercedes-Benz EQE takes a fourth place with 331 km mostly due to its big battery since its range retention is just 46%. The Model Y and Model 3 Performance reached only 319km and 312km, respectively, before dying.
Model | Advertised range | Actual range | % of advertised range | Average kWh/100km consumption |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nio ET7 100kWh | 675km 419mi |
376km 234mi |
55% | 25.4 |
BYD Han AWD | 610km 379mi |
366km 227mi |
60% | 23.3 |
BYD Seal 4WD | 650km 404mi |
341km 212mi |
52% | 23.3 |
Mercedes-Benz EQE | 717km 446mi |
331km 206mi |
46% | 29.0 |
IM L7 | 615km 382mi |
328km 204mi |
53% | 28.3 |
Zeekr 001 YOU | 650km 404mi |
327km 203mi |
50% | 30.6 |
XPeng G9 Performance | 650km 404mi |
323km 201mi |
49% | 30.3 |
XPeng P5 | 600km 373mi |
323km 201mi |
53% | 22.1 |
Tesla Model Y LR AWD | 660km 410mi |
319km 198mi |
48% | 24.6 |
Leap C01 | 630km 391mi |
316km 196mi |
50% | 28.5 |
Tesla Model 3 Performance | 675km 419mi |
312km 194mi |
46% | 25.1 |
Nio ET5 100kWh | 640km 398mi |
312km 194 |
49% | 32.1 |
Hozon Neta S | 650km 404mi |
310km 193mi |
47% | 29.4 |
GAC Aion S | 602km 374mi |
302km 188mi |
50% | 23.1 |
Nio ES7 100kWh | 575km 357mi |
302km 188mi |
52% | 33.2 |
BAIC ArcFox Alpha S | 500km 311mi |
293km 182mi |
58% | 25.4 |
GWM ORA Lighting Cat | 600km 373mi |
285km 177mi |
47% | 29.3 | Leap C11 | 550km 342mi |
284km 176mi |
51% | 31.7 |
BYD Yuan Plus | 510km 317mi |
272km 169mi |
53% | 22.2 |
XPeng P7 | 562km 349mi |
270km 168mi |
48% | 30.0 |
But range isn't the only issue for EVs in harsh environments. Charging is also a problem in winter times. Batteries require to be in optimal operating temperatures for charging, which means the systems responsible for the battery conditioning will work extra hard and draw more power.
This means that and ultimately, less juice will be directed to the cell. But how damaging is that to the overall experience? Quite a bit, the numbers show. While the BYD Seal took the crown with a 69 minute full charge time, the Tesla Model 3 took over 100 minutes for a full charge and never got near its advertised 250kW peak rate. And then there's the Toyota bZ4X, which was a proper distaster in the freezing temperatures.
Model | Battery capacity in kWh | Time to full charge in min | Average charging rate in kW | Maximum charging rate in kW |
---|---|---|---|---|
BYD Seal 4WD | 82.50 | 69 | 80.49 | 117.91 |
Changan Deepal SL03 | 58.10 | 69 | 49.60 | 84.52 |
BYD Yuan Plus | 60.48 | 76 | 50.59 | 73.78 |
BYD Dolphin | 44.90 | 77 | 39.45 | 66.63 |
BYD Han AWD | 85.40 | 80 | 68.87 | 94.64 |
Nissan Ariya | 90.00 | 81 | 65.58 | 77.23 |
Leap C11 | 89.97 | 82 | 63.92 | 105.50 |
Mercedes-Benz EQE | 96.10 | 83 | 68.10 | 91.61 |
Nio ET7 100kWh | 100.00 | 87 | 64.64 | 92.29 |
Nio ET5 100kWh | 100.00 | 88 | 65.50 | 87.42 |
GAC Aion S | 69.90 | 90 | 44.59 | 67.91 |
Leap C01 | 90.00 | 93 | 63.06 | 105.89 |
Tesla Model Y LR AWD | 78.40 | 93 | 55.55 | 97.29 |
Geometry E | 39.40 | 94 | 22.31 | 34.74 |
GWM ORA Lighting Cat | 83.49 | 95 | 51.25 | 88.66 |
Zeekr 001 YOU | 100.00 | 96 | 61.04 | 108.87 |
Nio ES7 | 100.00 | 96 | 59.14 | 68.08 |
Tesla Model 3 Performance | 78.40 | 101 | 29.97 | 97.29 |
XPeng G9 | 98 | 103 | 62.11 | 86.20 |
XPeng P5 | 71.40 | 112 | 39.97 | 64.58 |
Hozon Neta S | 91.00 | 117 | 48.07 | 56.45 |
XPeng P7 | 80.90 | 120 | 36.17 | 46.71 |
BAIC ArcFox Alpha S | 74.59 | 183 | 27.28 | 60.63 |
Smart #1 Brabus | 66.0 | 193 | 20.83 | 35.83 |
IM L7 | 93.0 | 208 | 27.81 | 87.26 |
Feifan R7 | 90.0 | 214 | 26.89 | 105.90 |
Toyota bZ4X | 66.70 | 423 | 10.53 | 42.92 |
Chery QQ Ice Cream | 13.90 | 339 | 2.06 | 2.20 |
Wuling Mini EV | 9.30 | 452 | 1.38 | 1.50 |
Changan Lumin | 17.65 | 549 | 1.97 | 2.10 |
Source (in Chinese)
My Taycan 4S performance charged yesterday at 192kwh. The range is close to 400km and the consumption between 16kw to 25kw/100km. The only EV solution is 800V system and fast charge. I am really happy with this crazy vehicle.
Absolute LOL at the range losses. Goes to show how unusable this EV garbage is in real life.
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